After the cold war had ended, the world had transitioned from bipolarity to a world of many independent nations fighting for hegemony. ... According to the Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI), Korea has allied with the United States ever since the nuclear war and has abandoned its nuclear weapons program. South Korea has also signed the Joint Declaration on the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula along with North Korea. Although North Korea has clearly violated this declaration, South Korea has called on the North to abide by the declaration. ... South Korea would look for a resolution that e...

• Word Count: 546
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Public opinion over proliferation has varied widely over the past five decades, ranging from mass hysteria during the Cold-War era, to indifference. ... Perhaps this is the most critical period due to the fact that in the post Cold-War era there is not one imminent threat, but a multitude of threats. ... The withdrawal of North Korea serves as the first challenge to the NPT. Korean officials claimed that their withdrawal from the treaty was a self-defensive measure taken against the United States and the IAEA. ... Uncertainty, fear, and continued disputes over Kashmir characterize these co...

• Word Count: 689
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The increasing discussion of cyber warfare would come as no surprise to anyone: cyberattacks on components of US defence cyber-infrastructure, and the probable strategic, military cyberattacks by Russia on Estonia, then on Georgia, and probable attacks by China, North Korea, and Iran on US defence and economic targets. ... For example North Korea denying hacking into computer systems at Sony pictures in retaliation for a film depicting the country's leader. ... This is of extremely dissimilar from all traditional weapons of war. ... Within hours of the start of the Russia-Georgia war, Aug...

• Word Count: 858
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The basic premises of the new alignment of the world developed in the final stages of the war. ... Differences between the former Allies after it was generally uniting them during the war aim, moved to another plane. ... In addition, the United States played in the war, and as the largest creditor of the coalition, which after the war proved to be financially dependent on the United States. ... The establishment of the ruined economy of the country also participated huge army of prisoners of war. However, by 1945 the country was far from the pre-war economic indicators. ...

• Word Count: 4151
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Soviets utilized the threat of nuclear war and their sheer power to force Mao to back down, but it's quite possible that Mao and Brezhnev used Sun Tzu's tactics to deal with their mutual adversary: the United States. In Sun Tzu's Art of War first chapter, entitled Laying Plans, the eighteenth rule is as follows: all warfare is based on deception (Cantrell, 2003). ... Perhaps the Soviets and Chinese leaders were simply utilizing Sun Tzu's "all war is based on deception" passage on an immense scale. ... Nyquist (2012) states "China and Russia continue to...

• Word Count: 1275
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Thankfully, operation downfall never became a reality because of the use of the atomic bomb, the atomic bomb gave Japan the unthinkable opportunity to immediately surrender, without this who knows how much longer they would have been at war. ... "In the first two decades of the Cold War, there were a number of occasions during which a form of atomic diplomacy was employed by either side of the conflict. ... During the Korean War, President Truman once again deployed the B-29s to signal U.S. resolve," (https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/atomic). Although there were many...

• Word Count: 1297
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The idea of a nuclear bomb amid a precarious world prone to wars was marked as a watershed in the history of warfare. ... After the Sino-Indian war, India intensified its Nuclear program as a deterrence against China and tested its first nuclear device in 1974. ... The last state to enter the nuclear arsenal was North Korea in 2006. ...

• Word Count: 547
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

1.0 Introduction The international security has been shifted by the tectonic geopolitical role of cold war. ... In fact, Putin has intensified the cold war between the west and Russia that risk Russia losing it international reputation. ... Akiyama and Horio (2013) allude that the treaty has suffered challenges of violation by covert nuclear activities by other nations such as Libya, Iran and North Korea and Syria. ... Moreover, the defection of North Korea in their ambition to acquire intercontinental ballistic missile constitutes a challenge toward nuclear disarmament. ... Pakistan, Iran a...

• Word Count: 2552
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A number of states have not signed up to this convention Egypt, Libya, North Korea, and Syria for example. ... When India tested a nuclear explosion, Pakistan answered immediately with a test resembling an almost Cold War standoff. ... The U.S. government point of view has been that the new ABM system will be focused on shooting down limited attacks from "rogue- nuclear states, considered to be North Korea, Iran#. ... -USSR nuclear deterrent perspective and would bring back the balance of power seen in the Cold War. The Cold War between the United States and Russia lasted nearly 60 years witho...

• Word Count: 2631
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In Judge Kaufman's statement upon sentencing the Rosenberg's, he sternly stated, "Citizens of this country who betray their fellow countrymen can be under none of the delusions about the benignity of Soviet power that they might have been prior to World War II. ... Russia would perfect the bomb caused the Communist aggression in Korea, resulting in over 50,000 causalities and many more to follow. ...

• Word Count: 633
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Looming not too distantly on the horizon was the juggernaut of World War II. ... Yet all this was put to a stop, for a time, as the nation was hurled headlong into the war. ... Hundreds of thousands of troops were shipped off to aid the war in both the European and Pacific fronts. ... And Hollywood, who had before been ridiculed for its works, now began producing pro-war films and propaganda, helping enormously with the "home front-, maintaining civilian confidence and keeping the country afloat in times of war. ... Still today, warnings of possible nuclear-based terrorist attacks, and of Nor...

• Word Count: 1320
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Weapons proliferation is a huge problem for the entire world; however it has been a problem since World War I. There was an arms race between Germany and Great Britain that lead to World War I. The arms race between the United States of America and the Soviet Union (the Cold War), nearly lead to World War III. ... For example, the war against terrorism in Afghanistan, the Afghan government used artillery against the United States that the United States sold to them when they were fighting the war against Russia; this is referred to as deadly returns. ... Rogue states like Iraq and North ...

• Word Count: 1359
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This bought the fear that another world war, again with Europe its main arena, a distinct possibility. ... The following two weeks the world was holding its breath in anticipation of a full-scale nuclear war. ... The missile crisis was a tremendous shock to the two superpowers, unlike the Korean war of 1950 - 53, the confrontation this time was not between substitutes, but between the Americans and the Soviets themselves, who were both looking at the prospect of having each other's nuclear missiles bearing down on themselves. ... The Cuban paradox led the two superpowers to reach a number...

• Word Count: 1917
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT) The destruction of two Japanese cities namely Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 at the hands of American Atomic bombs unveiled not only the enormous destructive capability of the nuclear devices but also the hazards and the holocausts which were in store for the humanity...

• Word Count: 781
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One is that if Iran decides to go ahead with its nuclear plans against all odds, just as was the case in North Korea, there is almost certainly no stopping her. ... Hence, the acquisition of nuclear powers will not lead to proliferation of weapons, rather it would only create a balance and most likely reduce the possibility of the outbreak of war and there has never been any serious war between two nuclear powers Furthermore, on the speech delivered by the Prime Minister of Israel, Mr. ...

• Word Count: 1070
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Langewiesche claims that these small cells require "ever more dramatic acts in their war against the West," (17) which heighten the likelihood that they would use nuclear weapons. ... This problem is gradually being rectified, but much of the nuclear inventory cannot be accounted for, since it was not thoroughly tracked after the Cold War. ... Khan research Laboratories provided a nuclear weapons program, which sold components to Iran, North Korea, and Libya as well as another, possibly Syria or Saudi Arabia. ...

• Word Count: 1187
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These countries have just acquired the capability of firing a nuclear missile and starting world war III. ... In 1991 after the Gulf War, Iraq was found to in violation of the NPT for having a large scale nuclear program. Also, around the same time North Korea was found to have violated their NPT agreement, for harvesting weapon-usable rods from a reactor. ... With this definition in mind, there are a wide variety of guidelines that a country can adapt: "whether they are basically offensive or defensive in nature; whether they call for a decisive use of force or whether they permit more...

• Word Count: 2636
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate