The feudal system was still widespread in Europe as late as the seventeenth century, but seriously declined in the eighteenth century, except in Russia. ... This ever increasing exploitation of the serfs reduced them by the end of the seventeenth century and had so impoverished serfs that they were forced to give up many of their former and civil rights. ... In the nineteenth century, serfdom dominated rural Russia. ... Many serfs were treated brutally, especially as the economic condition of the serfs declined in Russia during the seventeenth century. ...

• Word Count: 3296
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Finally, in the mid-tenth century A.D., Vietnamese rebels took advantage of the chaotic conditions in China, drove out the Chinese and restored independence. ... By the eighteenth century, the state of Champa had completely disappeared. ... A similar situation led to the Vietnamese seizure of the rich Mekong Delta from the declining state of Ankgor in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Founded in the seventh century, Ankgor, later to become Cambodia, was for several years the largest and most powerful state in mainland Southeast Asia. By the fifteenth century however, Ankgor was in a ...

• Word Count: 3422
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

The English have been in Ireland as both peaceful settlers and conquerors since the 12th century. ... The seeds of violence had been sown over many centuries, alluding to the present conflict known as the troubles'. Its roots can be traced back to the seventeenth century. The whole of Ireland was governed by the British forces from the seventeenth to the early twentieth century, during which time the British encouraged Protestant settlement in the northeastern corner of the predominantly Catholic country. ... The blame for this, it was supposed, rested on the Anglo-Irish and Engl...

• Word Count: 4515
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: High School

Many critics often argue that the male writers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries used their writing and their characters to discuss the feelings they have about class. ... Katherine and women of her type were not considered "proper- and were not very common in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. "With the decline of family as an economic unit of production, however, the role of the housewife in the late sixteenth century England was beginning to shift from that of a skilled producer to savvy consumer- (Korda, Shakespeare Quarterly, 110). ...

• Word Count: 2530
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

The ancient Egyptians are considered among many to be the civilization upon which much of the western world's views and attitudes are based. From religion, to architecture, and art have been handed down generation to generation and improved along the way. Many of the ancient Egyptian traditions have...

• Word Count: 2819
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

Another example of these great known works is Lady with the Unicorn, which was produced towards the end of the fifteenth century, in the Loire Vally. ... By the mid seventeenth century the political and cultural climate affected the tapestry weaving industry, and in 1665 an ancient tapestry workshop at Aubusson was granted a royal charter to produce coarser, and cheaper commercial wall-hangings for the modest homes of those other than the rich and famous. French tapestries in the eighteenth century were elegant and romantic. ... Traditional European tapestry makers were struggling to exist t...

• Word Count: 3570
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

Around 1400, the first Clavichord was built; however, it was the most popular about 3 centuries later during the music of Bach. ... "Though this instrument originated in Italy, it was perfected by English builders in the late seventeenth century" (Grover). ... Recognized as early as the fifteenth century, the harpsichord form, where the keys are in line with the strings, reached its peak in the period of Bach and Handel. ... During the eighteenth century, a double-escapement was introduced by Sebastien Erard in 1821; this allowed fast repetition to be made. ... As early as the sixteenth centur...

• Word Count: 3032
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

In the late second century BC, an imperial university was established which trained people for government service. ... During the fifth century, the Yamato emperors began to achieve some unification of the clans. ... During the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, a variety of social and economic causes brought the downfall of the Han dynasty. ... (Wang 57) During the second century, Taoism was recognized as the official religion of China for several brief periods. ... Buddhism filtered into China from India and central Asia from the 1st to the 6th century. ...

• Word Count: 5107
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: High School

During the Norse invasions the manuscripts were tossed about in water; an estimate of three hundred manuscripts survived that were written before the seventeenth century (Hazard, Benjamin James. ... The works illustrated the social role fulfilled by "hereditary" learned families in Gaelic Ireland; sixteenth-century scribes had the early manuscripts and copied them. ... The Tain was first rewritten in the 12th century in which it went under three different recensions. ... Fisher from Kim McCone is the vulgate (4th century Latin translation of the Bible) which could have been a model...

• Word Count: 2908
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

For many centuries, there was very little scientific advancement due to a restraint the Catholic Church had over Europe during the Middle Ages, but this all changed during The Scientific Revolution. ... The medicine of the 15th century relied solely on combining plants and vegetable remedies to cure people of ailments. ...

• Word Count: 2877
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

For centuries, the Chinese-Indonesians had been labeled as a community that had economic power but had made no contributions to Indonesia's history. ... They were middlemen between Dutch and Indonesians under Dutch colonial rule of Indonesia, which started from the mid seventeenth century to the mid nineteenth century. ...

• Word Count: 2624
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

Muslims have been able to practice this faith in China ever since the seventeenth century. ... This mosque, named the Canton Mosque, still stands today a full fourteen centuries after its errection. ... Life seemed relatively good for the Muslims in China up through the many dynasties, until the twentieth century came along. ...

• Word Count: 3474
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Wars and rebellions were commonplace in seventeenth century Ireland. ... British racism toward the Irish contributed to starvation Since the Norman Invasion of Ireland in the twelfth century, the English took an attitude of racism toward the Irish. ...

• Word Count: 2804
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

"For half a century the one political certainty in Mexico was that any government regardless of party or announced purpose, would be overthrown."" ... In the early seventeenth century a vast group of puritans founded what is now New England in North America. ...

• Word Count: 2734
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

As ancient Greek history has played such a pivotal role in subsequent cultures throughout time, that to learn about women in this society enhances our understanding of western civilization. Ancient Greece was not a united nation, but a collection of individual sovereign communities with a common lan...

• Word Count: 7196
• Approx Pages: 29
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

The term race, meaning any distinct group of people#, becomes a word of prejudice in the seventeenth century, during colonization. ... Dante Puzzo (1964) also contributed to the argument by stating that "Racism is a modern conception, for prior to the XVIth [16th] century there was virtually nothing in the life and thought of the west that can be described as racist" (579) (Smedley 1999, 16). ...

• Word Count: 3801
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Miller used the Salem Witch Trials of the 17th century, to make an indirect, but assertive comment upon McCarthyism in American life (Richard Watt, Jr. 536). ... Thousands of people who refused to answer q stions and confess were executed during the seventeenth century. ... Arthur Miller was completely involved with the social and moral problems of American society and inevitably made an impact on the world. he danger from Russian subversion was a more obvious danger than the witch hunts of innocent people in 17th century Massachusetts (Watts viii). ...

• Word Count: 11015
• Approx Pages: 44
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

He allowed that a phy- sician or theologian, having acquired a different kind of library, would have created different chapters. 2 To twentieth-century eyes, parts of Jefferson's classification may seem puz- zling. ...

• Word Count: 4278
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Farraday was giving a tour to some friends of his, the Wakefields, when the wife approached Stevens and inquired about an arch which she thought might be a mock period piece built not in the seventeenth century but during Lord Darlington's time. ...

• Word Count: 2563
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witchcraft trials in Massachusetts during 1692 resulted in nineteen innocent men and women being hanged, one man pressed to death, and in the deaths of more than seventeen who died in jail. It all began at the end of 1691 when a few girls in the town began to experiment with magic by gathering around a crystal ball to try to find the answer to questions such as "what trade their sweet harts should be of ". This conjuring took place in the Parris household where a woman named Tituba, an Indian slave, headed the rituals. Soon after they had begun to practice these ...

• Word Count: 2568
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

Salem Witch Trials I chose to do my project on the Salem Witch Trials of 1692. The Salem Witch trials in Masachusets in 1692 resulted in 19 innocent men and women being hanged, one man pressed to death, more than 17 deaths in jail. It all began at the end of 1691 when a few girls in the town began to play with magic by gathering around a crystal ball to try to find the answer to questions such as "what trade their sweet harts should be of ". This took place in the Parris household where a woman named Tituba, an Indian slave, headed the rituals. Soon after they had begun to practice these ...

• Word Count: 2567
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

The Scarlet Letter is a book revealing lives of sin, social identity, and humanity. The story displays some of the darkest elements of the human soul: guilt, revenge, and evil. With its complex, emotional plot and its rich symbolism, this masterpiece has become a highly prized classic in American li...

• Word Count: 3653
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

The Play Crucible is a fictional re-call of events in the American history surrounding the Salem witch trials of the seventeenth century which also provide the metaphor for Miller's parable of the Mc Carthy trials of the 1950s, John Proctor's agonising struggle with guilt emphasises the restrictive nature of the Puritan society. ...

• Word Count: 2648
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

Culture, the thing that defines a group of people, is truly interesting. Culture is a phenomenon that is directly linked with the development of its respective group of people. Furthermore a people's culture is expressed through its works, whether it be in politics, literature, athletics, or art. Ar...

• Word Count: 4223
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

In Japan in the seventeenth century the ruler had devised an police system in which each castle town had a military samurai warrior who served as town magistrate, judge, and chief of police. ... The population of Canada grew dramatically in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, as immigrants and settlers moved west. The role of the Royal NWMP expanded with the century. ...

• Word Count: 4766
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School