However, a moral law must be valid for everyone. ... If morality is based on such principle, it would differ among people and wills of people would contradict. ... Because such ideas cannot be known, morality can no longer be depended on such principles. ... Because morality is no longer related with objects, our satisfaction from them, there is no things we must do in order to reach them. ... Thus, such innate ideas cannot be known because they cannot be represented in space and time and morality cannot be based on them. ...

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• Grade Level: High School

Without a concrete metaphysics of morals, judgments of morality will be subject to corruption and perversion. 2. ... What's the difference between acting in conformity with the law and "for the sake of the law?" ... However, acting "for the sake of the law,"" requires a conscious decision to follow the law out of reverence for the law as a principle. ... The universal principle for morality in Kant's view is if the maxim of a particular action is acceptable as a universal law. ... Indeed, he wonders whether it's even a good idea for philosophers to talk about morality as they m...

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I advocate that justice can be served to morality, even if the consequences of an action are dismissed. ... The good intent determined the morality of the action and not the result. ... Kant asserts that one's will must only act upon the "universal law," which is void of human feeling and emotion. ... Kant's first formulation states that you should "act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should be a universal law" (886). ... Thus, justice can be served to morality without considering the results. ...

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'The formula of the Law of Nature' outlines that moral laws must be applied in all situations and all rational beings universally, without exception. ... You are a law making member of the Kingdom of Ends and so, everyone should act as if they are a law making member.... Unlike Aquinas, Kant did not believe that morality should be founded on natural theology. ... Consequently morality in general recognises that lying is wrong even if there was not a commandment from the Bible against it. ... Therefore in response to the question, it is not 'OK' to lie under the terms of Ka...

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Kant went on to say that conformity of actions to universal law as such should alone serve the will as its principle. Kants conclusion of morality is I ought never act except in such a way that I can also will that my maxim should become a universal law. ... Morality is different. ... Morality must be the same way that laws are in society. ... Hegel does a better job of requiring that moral people must follow laws and fulfill contract agreements, yet still does nothing in the way of bridging the morality gap. ...

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• Grade Level: High School

The will that makes the categorical imperative its law merely reaffirms its independence of everything except law in general. ... Morality is the natural condition of a free will. ... In Kant's language, it does not explain "the interest attaching to the ideas of morality." ... Kant claims his categorical imperative is the only principle of morality (the only categorical imperative), we are entitled to expect that it determine the principles of morality uniquely. ... But are all moral laws imperatives? ...

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He divides morality into two parts, master morality and slave morality. ... The slave morality is that of presumably weaker or lesser people. He states that master morality dismisses and casts out many people. He compares the morality of the Christian church with master morality. ... Simone de Beauvior composed Freedom and Morality. ...

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The goal of the Grounding or the Metaphysics of Morals is to establish the "supreme principle of morality". ... Morality requires us to separate our rationality from our nature and act solely on the basis of logical principles. ... A secure understanding of morality must be based on "pure" concepts of reason. ... When one thinks of what they ought to do they base their reason in their morality, moral laws. Kant's moral law is reason and moral laws are suppose to be undertaken for the sake of morality alone; we are suppose to have a pure motivation and not self-interested. ...

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• Grade Level: High School

This is why man named these rules - laws. ... So it is clear to make the distinction that for a society to be free it needs law to govern it. ... The law gives us this protection and enables us to deal with all problems of mankind and reach a solution for what is the law but a way to conduct ourselves and be able to ascertain the good against the bad. Finally Fuller in his book The Morality of Law explains that "at a basic level, law involves the morality of duty. ... So we must realize that we as human beings determine the fate which gives us the freedom to conduct our lives in a civilized...

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To have a quick overview of the main differences before going in depth, I would like to refer to the table below: Utilitarianism Kant's Theory Only consequences matter Consequences do not matter Morality is closely connected to desire/pleasure Morality is based on reason No absolute rules (act) Morality provides absolute rules Motives and intentions do not matter Intentions are of highest importance Persons are not intrinsically valuable Persons have intrinsic worth Morality is an empirical matter (what we have learned by experience) Morality is not empirical, it is rational Acc...

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Criticisms of the ethics of duty include moral minimalism which argues that emphasis is not placed on morality. ... The lying example discuss the possibility of universalizing a maxim that permits lying, which raises the question of consistency with the universal law of humanity, that our action is always universal. Lying is not consistent with the universal law because it undermines itself, destroying the rational expectation of trust upon which it depends. ... In conclusion Kant helped us see clarity in, the admirability of acting from duty, the evenhandedness of morality and respecting ...

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Everybody having equal rights to welfare of society and do not afraid to use any means to get the aim they want because they are far from morality. ... Besides, as was already mentioned, people are far from morality, which could be kind of guarantee of the functioning of natural laws. ... There are also natural laws to govern it and people were using full freedom in terms of natural laws. ... There is to be government to make people follow natural laws. ... They need laws for everyone to obey. ...

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Strenghts and Weaknesses of Immanuel Kant's Concept of Nature A philosophical reflection on a disturbed relation with nature in the light of the ecological crisis Summary This study seeks to identify the frameworks of philosophical-theological co-operation between intuitions, ideas, beliefs...

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In order for humans to make a choice morality has to be involved in free will. ... God gave us laws for guidance for our actions, and left the rest for humans to act as there own agents and choose to follow or not to follow those laws. ...

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Euthyphro claims that he fully understands the divine law of piety and impiety. ... Piety is then the action of not keeping justice in the city; one man who acts against the law should be prosecuted and justice should be applied. ... Religion and morality are closely related that neither one can exists apart from the other. Socrates believes in a standard of morality that is something more than human opinion. ...

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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Initially, Hume decided to study law, but after three years he shifted his focus to an intense curriculum of eclectic study of his own devising. ... This leads to a rejection of scientific laws, and the notion of self. ... He believed morality was simply a factor in one's pursuit of personal happiness. According to Hume, the ultimate good in morality is benevolence. ... "In England, the authority of the king, in all the exterior forms of government, and in the common style of law, appears absolute and sovereign; nor does the real spirit of the constitution as it had ever discovered it...

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Virtue, morality, immortality, death, and the difference between the soul and the body are just a few of the many different topics that can be covered under the huge umbrella of philosophy. ... Socrates obeyed the law of Athens but did not get involved with politics. ... Socrates' friends planned his escape from prison, but he preferred to comply with the law and die for his cause. ...

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Major theistic religions see God as a lawgiver who creates laws for us to obey. ... Thomas Aquinas realized this and connected morality with religion in a different way which gave rise to the Theory of Natural Law. ...

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A moral judgment is a judgment based upon ethics. Ethics is a branch of moral philosophy. Emotion characterizes a moral judgments. Religion also characterizes moral judgments. Moral judgments differ from other judgments because reason cannot be applied to them. Emotion is a major factor that c...

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Mind, in Plato, connects to the lofty or higher parts of ourselves, and is associated with Knowledge, Truth, Morality, and ultimately the Soul; and through the mind we have access to the eternal, unchanging ideals of Justice, Beauty, and even triangles, from which we continually draw upon in our daily lives. ... So again, it seems reasonable to suggest that the mind and body are not of the same substance, are not responsive to the same laws, and are not of the same order. ...

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When I think about all the great philosophers of past and present the person that first comes to mind is Aristotle. I know that he was a famous philosopher and a brilliant man but when I really think about it I have no idea what he was so famous for or what his thoughts were on the basic philosophic...

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• Grade Level: High School

As Plato once said "philosophy begins in wonder". Plato was part of a triad of great thinkers who had in common a student - teacher relationship built on questioning and discussion rather than memorization and recollection of facts. Although they agreed and disagreed on many topics, it was their s...

• Word Count: 3385
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School