People of the time were searching for a rational approach to creating a better society for themselves due to the political and economic changes that were occurring at a rapid rate across Europe. ... Locke saw humans as good, rational, social, cooperative, and tolerant. ... He became famous for his wit and satire, attacks against the Catholic Church, desire for a reformed monarchy, advocation for freedom of religion and expression, as well as separation of church and state. ... Bentham believed that society could teach individuals to be rational by giving them an ideal environment to learn prop...

• Word Count: 1343
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

" Rousseau calling for a world without inequality, while unrealistic, does not violate Rawls's principles, it is instead in his wishes for the expression of individual rights where he violated Rawls's views on fairness. ... Rawls believed in the right of the individual and the ability of the rational individual to make decisions for their benefit an the benefit of others. He thought that the rational mind wanted what was best for people, and if the principles of justice were followed, rational individuals would only want to carry out actions that would benefit the group. ...

• Word Count: 1216
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

Third argument: (1) Nature does nothing pointlessly. (2) A human being is the only animal with rational discourse, logon. (3) Rational discourse is for making clear what is expedient or harmful, and hence what is just or unjust. (4) It is community in good and evil, and just and unjust, that produces a household and a city. (5) Therefore, a human being is by nature a political animal. ... Aristotle thus thinks of a city as a form of human community constituted by a system of laws which embody a conception of what is just and what is unjust; only in such a community can human beings develop and...

• Word Count: 1587
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He further stated that realism, believing as it does in the objectivity of the laws of politics, must also believe in the possibility of developing a rational theory that reflects, however imperfectly and one-sidedly, these objective laws. ... To give meaning to the factual raw material of foreign policy, one must approach political reality with a kind of rational outline, a map that suggests the possible meanings of foreign policy. In other words, one put himself in the position of a statesman who must meet a certain problem of foreign policy under certain circumstances, and one ask himself w...

• Word Count: 4234
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Anarchism may be defined as a political philosophy based upon nonhierarchical free associations, decentralized and without coercive authority with guidance from innate human tendencies towards cooperation and avoidance of suffering being aloud open expression. ... Daniel Guerin purports that anarchy is the "most complete disorganization of society" which constructs a "new, stable and rational order based upon freedom and solidarity", with the creation of worker autonomy as the chief liberating factor. ...

• Word Count: 1276
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Graduate

Virtu Like most Western philosophers, Niccolo Machiavelli's ideas were heavily influenced by the early Greek philosophers. Most notable among the Greek philosophers who inspired Machiavelli was Plato. In particular, Machiavelli took interest in Plato's concept of just rulers who ruled by moral virtue. Machiavelli argued against this Platonic philosophy. He believed in "virtu", whatever was best for the State was virtu. ...

• Word Count: 4508
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate