... victory at Williamsburg, and by June came within 20 miles of Richmond. J.E. Johnston attacked McClellan at Fair Oaks, but he was wounded. G.W. Smith took command, but was confused, and unable to win the battle, although it made McClellan more cautious. The Confederarcy, with deafeats out west and ... the other commanded by the exprienced and gruff James Longstreet. McClellan retreated north while an army of 60,000 union soliders under the braggard John Pope invaded Virginia. Lee sent Jackson and cavalry under the colorful Jeb Stuart. Jackson won a battle at Cedar Moutain, confused Pope, ...

• Word Count: 4140
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

... to the whole world and the virulence of our own disease will be unabated." In the face of such criticisms, John Randolph of Virginia complained that "these Yankees have almost reconciled me to negro slavery." Senator William Smith of South Carolina brought the toughest proslavery speech of the whole Missouri debate, in retort to Northerners who he blamed of ... ; he submitted, "or so kindly treated by their masters, and their situations so improved," that ill-disposed Yankees "cannot excite one among twenty to insurrection." Smith's complete speech was a pure compliment to the merits of s...

• Word Count: 2503
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... , thoroughly exploring the region. The discovery of Great Salt Lake is generally credited to James Bridger, but Étienne Provot, Jedediah S. Smith, and others also have claims. The Canadian fur trader Peter Skene Ogden led four expeditions into the Snake River area; he and his ... briefly asserted the independence of California in 1836, the Californios drove out the last Mexican governor in 1845. Under the influence of the American explorer John C. Frémont, U.S. settlers set up (1846) a republic at Sonoma under their unique Bear Flag. The news of war between the ... United States and M...

• Word Count: 3031
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

... , but many slaves still resisted. The first way slaves would resist their enslavement is through Revolts. There are 3 slave insurrections in American History: John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry in 1859, Denmark Vesey's revolt in 1822, and Nat Turners revolt in August 21, 1831. The first conspiracy ... Washington had selected Harper's Ferry, Virginia, as one of the sites for the new national armories. John Brown moved to a farm near Harper's Ferry and took up the alias of Isaac Smith. There he began training a group of 22 men including three of his sons. Then on the ... night of Sunday,...

• Word Count: 2275
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

... time where the southern states would try and cheat the northern out of a fair boat, one man decided to take it upon himself to end slavery. John Brown wanted to set up his own nation if freed slaves in Appalachia. He wanted to get free the slaves from the south, and felt the only way ... to accomplish this goal was by violence. He took matters into his own hands and raided Harpers Ferry, with the support of the Secret Six ( Gerrit Smith, Theodore Parker, Thomas Parker, Sam Howe, George Stearns, and Franklin Sanborn), and to the dismay of Fredrick Douglas whose opinion on this murderous ...

• Word Count: 1394
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

... , shippers, bankers, speculators, and private and public security holders. No one was better prepared to defend the Constitution than New Yorker, and federalist, Alexander Hamilton. In 1787 he worked with John Jay and James Madison to write series of 85 essays in support of the Constitution. Known as "The Federalist Papers," these remarkable essays proved critical in achieving ratification of the ... advanced the idea that a state did not have to follow a federal law and could, in effect, "nullify" the law. The idea that "states' rights" superseded federal law was promoted by John C. Cal...

• Word Count: 3046
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

... expansionist policy. Even before Polk got into power there was still a large degree of political intrigue over expansion, in the west especially. Prior President, Tyler and his secretary of State John C Calhoun had an idea to expand. Calhoun had a mandate from the people which was very pro-expansionism. The desire for good land and the migration which went hand in hand ... expanded territorially. Part of the reason for Americans spreading was to flee persecution as well as for monetary desire or will to find land. Having had their former leader Joseph Smith killed by an angry mob in Car...

• Word Count: 1062
• Approx Pages: 4

... ,000 copies within a year and became one of the most remarkable best sellers in American history. The book succeeded in bringing the message of abolitionism to an enormous new audience. John Brown: He was a huge abolitionist who led uprising in Kansas and Virginia. He helped free the slaves. He felt it was God's will for him to help destroy slavery. He ... to lead a war to free slaves. Brown moved to the black community of North Elba, New York, in 1849. The community had been established thanks to the philanthropy of Gerrit Smith, who donated tracts of at least 50 acres to black families...

• Word Count: 748
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School