Ho Chi Minh to the French, late 1940's Western Civilization, as we know it today, has been shaped by the many revolutions that nations throughout the land have participated in. ... The French Revolution, opened up peoples minds to enlightenment, and World War I was the first to have battles of modern warfare. ... No revolution since has encountered such a large number of casualties as The Vietnam Revolution did. Although, in the end, communism reigned in Vietnam, the effect the war had on the world was the beginning of the end of the dominance of communist leadership in many simila...

• Word Count: 2963
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Once they had begun funding the French struggle against the nationalist movement in Vietnam, the Americans saw an imminent opportunity to possibly apply their own colonial model there, but "called upon the French or the Chinese for the raw intelligence information that informed their reports to Washington," (Bradley 94). ... [lacking] traditions of indigenous governance," with French rule being an insult to that injury (83, 84). ... What we can surmise from this was that sympathy for the Vietnamese people was secondary – if not a means to an end -- to global strategic considerations at th...

• Word Count: 849
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Graduate

The Cold War begins with the end of the Second World War (WWII) in 1945, when the world was left crippled and needed to be reconstructed in some manner. ... Historian André Fontaine, moreover, sees the starting point of the war in 1917 with the Bolshevik Revolution, and suggests that it was mainly due to the aggressive policies of the USSR in foreign policy, dictated by its Communist ideology. The Soviets justify their expansionism in accordance with their Marxist theory which advocated the need to spread revolution throughout the world. ... French historian Alexis de Tocqueville suppor...

• Word Count: 990
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The United States and the Allied Powers faced many challenges at the end of WWII. ... Russia, under Lenin's rule called for a world revolution and brought the United States into it. ... Each superpower, the United States, Britain, France and Russia had their own idea of how postwar Europe should look, and many of their ideas clashed. ... After WWII, Germany was divided into four zones and occupied by Britain, France, the United States, and the Soviet Union. ...

• Word Count: 1143
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

The communist ideology and the western reaction to it had not changed by the end of the World War II. ... As troops returned to their native countries following the end of the war, many were greeted with thoughts of displacement and unemployment. ... Conflict and mistrust between the West and the Soviet Union is possible to trace as far back as 1917 when the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia led to the creation of the world's first communist state. ... The official ideology of the USSR stated the inevitability of conflict with western capitalist states and class struggle would lead to a wo...

• Word Count: 3287
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Also, during the Crimean War (1854-1856), France sided with Britain against Russian aggression in the Near East. ... The seeds of hostility between the United States and the U.S.S.R began near the end of World War I. ... The western powers looked on with horror at the Bolshevik Revolution. ... At the end of the war, the U.S.A and U.S.S.R were clearly masters of the world. ... As soon as the war ended, the relations between America and Russia cooled. ...

• Word Count: 3123
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Since the revolution, trade with the outside world had been severely reduced and the U.S.S.R had to rely almost entirely on its own resources to industrialise. ... The proletariat was seen as the backbone of the revolution and so to continue the revolution the proletariat had to be increased. ... These concerned were expressed at both high and low levels and the five-year plans were seen as both a revolution from above and a revolution from below. ... The Nepmen were prime targets, but Kulaks, the richer farmers, and bourgeois experts were seen as contrary to the claim of revolution. ... In ad...

• Word Count: 5589
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, the possession of nuclear arms by Russia, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Israel, and Pakistan are not treated as threats to America's vital interests. ... If the ideas and communications shared between two states are unfriendly or even hostile, it will lead to the creation of structures that will end up perpetuating those interactions. ... This is precisely what has happened with Iran and the United States since the Iranian Revolution in 1979. ... Perceptions of the new United States-Iran relationship ended up perpetuating it and ultimately became a self-fulfilling pro...

• Word Count: 2601
• Approx Pages: 10

Efforts to leave the Warsaw Pact by member countries were crushed, for instance in the Hungarian revolution of 1956. ... Instead, the conflict continued from the end of World War II until the break up of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s. ... Arguably, the most vivid symbol of the Cold War was the Berlin Wall, isolating West Berlin (the portion controlled by West Germany and allied with France, England and the United States) from East Germany, which completely surrounded it. ... In 2002, Serbia and Montenegro, came to a new agreement regarding continued cooperation, which, among other change...

• Word Count: 2078
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Islamic revolution, which took place in Iran, created the first major foreign policy problem for Carter. ... Reagan devoted a lot of his attention to reversing the affects of the Marxist Revolution in Central America and the Caribbean. After the Nicaraguan Revolution got rid of Anastasio Somoza, the United States accused the new government of aiding Marxist rebels in El Salvador. ...

• Word Count: 3150
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

Just two years before that several thousands miles from Vietnam, on Korean peninsula bloody Korean War ended with July 27, 1953 cease fire agreement between communist North Korea backed by China and US along with UN. ... By 1950's South-East Asia became place where interest of superpowers, such as United States, China and USSR, as well as fading colonial empires like France and United Kingdom, created deadly tensions. ... One of the most famous examples would be Che Guevara fighting for communist revolution in Bolivia. ...

• Word Count: 1674
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

The possibility of the end of the Cold War for so long seemed out of the question. ... "(2) Brezhnev believed that eventually, the capitalist West would experience revolution and would turn towards their socialist brothers for support. ... It was going to take two nations working towards a similar goal in order to bring an end to the Cold War. And so ended the 1970s. ... This 'New Thinking' offered an entirely new attitude to Leninism-Marxism and all the policies upon which the Soviet Union had existed since the Revolution of 1917. ...

• Word Count: 3267
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Eventually with the breakup of the Soviet Union and the attempt to make it a democracy, the Cold War ended. ... The four major powers in Europe, Britain, France, America and Russia decided to divide Germany into four different parts. Germany's divisions consisted of, Britain controlling the Northwestern part, France controlling the Western part, and The United States controlling the Southern part. ... Japan had ruled Korea from 1910 until August of 1945 at the end of W.W.II. ...

• Word Count: 3726
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

Asked by a reporter in Strasbourg, France, whether he subscribed, as his predecessors had, "to the school of American exceptionalism that sees America as uniquely qualified to lead the world," the president began by observing: "I believe in American exceptionalism, just as I suspect that the Brits believe in British exceptionalism and the Greeks believe in Greek exceptionalism.... " I intend to start by looking at the root of the idea and how its history manages to evoke passionate responses of American Nationalism in the transition period between the end of World War One a...

• Word Count: 4596
• Approx Pages: 18