In Section Five, Aristotle continues on to distinguish the boundaries between Tragic, Comedic, and Epic poetry. Comedy is considered to be a "lower form" of tragedy, and is not accompanied by the same degree of history due to its previous lack of seriousness. Although there are differences between Epic and Tragic poetry, Tragic poetry contains all the same elements as Epic, but Tragic holds elements that Epic poetry does not. ... But Aristotle declares that tragedy is superior to epic poetry because it contains all epic elements along with visual elements, vividness in reading and represent...

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Hesiod, who was a farmer, also praised the farmer's for enduring in a long silent struggle with the earth and its elements. ... Comedy was also seen during the 400's BC. Aristophanes, who wrote plays in the style Old Comedy, was a great writer of comic plays. ... With its elements of political and social satire, government leaders no longer permitted Old Comedy. ...

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• Grade Level: High School

I will attempt to explain the effects these elements have on literature. ... For some of the plot patterns used to achieve particular overall effects of tragedy, see the entries on comedy, romance, or satire. ...

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The twentieth century really begins before the end of the nineteenth century. Queen Victoria's Jubilee in 1887 was felt by many to represent the end of an era. An end-of-century stoicism, and a growing pessimism among writers and intellectuals, may be traced to several sources, not least the publication in 1859 of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species which put the existence of God into radical question. Across the whole population, and in the face of rapid economic and social changes, radical doubts about the stability of the existing order were expressed. By the end of the nine...

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