Role of Banking in Economic Development Economic Development Economic development is conceived as a multidimensional process involving major changes in social structures, popular attitudes, and national institutions as well as acceleration in economic growth, the reduction of inequality and eradication of poverty. ... Pakistan's Economic Performance The economic and social outcomes in Pakistan over the last fifty years have turned out to be a mixture of paradoxes. ... As external environment has been favorable for Pakistan, the economic performance can be explained largely i...

• Word Count: 2277
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Through his note "Poverty and Economic Growth: Has Trickle Down Petered Out?... TAL's results suggest that economic growth has little direct effect on families headed by females or the elderly only. ... Third, TAL's policy implication regarding the greater reliance on programs aimed directly at the poor does not necessarily follow from their analysis. An absolute analysis of trickle down from which policy implications can be drawn requires time-series data on both money and non-money transfers to the poor, as well as estimates of the supply response to these transfers. ... Last but n...

• Word Count: 523
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some kind of 'cost benefit analysis' is not so easy when globalisation is perhaps the most over used and under specified concept in the international policy sciences since the passing of the 'Cold War'. ... Any cost benefit analysis would start from a recognition that globalisation has indeed improved economic efficiency and it has provided enhanced individual liberty for many; but in its failure to ensure social justice on a global scale, it also inhibits liberty for many more. ... In this context, it is the aim of this paper to set out--in stylised rather than syste...

• Word Count: 9082
• Approx Pages: 36
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Real exchange rate measurements and determinants Real exchange rate is regarded as an important economic issue, which interacts with the economy growth of a country. ... It is worthwhile to analyze how it is measured and how it is determined in the real economic circumstances. ... In order to identify these determinants, different models were developed by using different economic fundamentals. ... In the following, we will mainly discuss the first two models on the basis of analysis of two real currencies. ... According to empirical analysis, there are four crucial fundamentals, which will b...

• Word Count: 2178
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since the Keynesian analysis of the 1950s it has become widely accepted that the economic role of the government is not confined only to prudent financial management and balancing. Ocran describes the role of fiscal policy as stimulating economic and social development. In an economic downturn, lower levels of economic activity, lower employment and growth levels and shrinking tax revenue make this goal harder to achieve. ... Economic policymakers must always be mindful of the real effects of their actions. ... The analysis so far has revealed that it may be in the long-run developmental inter...

• Word Count: 2383
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Both are connected with the underlying theme of economic growth. Smith's analysis is not confined to showing the interrelation between the different elements of a continually maintained system. ... And since, according to Smith, this process is most successful when left to the play of natural forces, his analysis leads him to urge governments to let well alone. ... The heart of Keynesian economics consists of an analysis of the determinants of effective demand. ... Even if this was true the monetarists argued that the analysis was fundamentally flawed and instead returned to the clas...

• Word Count: 1299
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Adam Smith's theory of economics established capitalism as the only moral economic system. ... While Smith's moral philosophy's emphasis on sympathy and his economic theory's emphasis on self-interest seem to clash, they don't. ... His analysis of capitalist economy and his theories of historical materialism, the class struggle, and surplus value have become the basis of modern socialist doctrine. Marx argued that the economic part of any society is the most fundamental aspect of that society. The social, cultural and political sectors of a society are driven by the ec...

• Word Count: 684
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Both are connected with the underlying theme of economic growth. Smith's analysis is not confined to showing the interrelation between the different elements of a continually maintained system. ... And since, according to Smith, this process is most successful when left to the play of natural forces, his analysis leads him to urge governments to let well alone. ... This fundamental implication of the theory came as something of a shock to exponents of the traditional economics who had been inclined to take refuge in the assumption that economic system tend automatically to full employm...

• Word Count: 1471
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Djankov et al gives that "unconstrained foreign aid will likely increase public consumption rather than investment (Djankov, Montalvo & Reynal 2008, p. 16) and thus the lack of investment is unlikely to promote any economic growth. ...

• Word Count: 1966
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

History and culture runs deep in this country, but the past is full of economic turmoil and uncertainty. ... The following is an analysis of Brazil's past and present economic situation, as well as the bold attempt by president Fernando Henrique Cardoso to keep Brazils economy prosperous. ... All of these factors have been a hindrance for Brazils economic well being. ... In 1999, the IMF refused to renew Russia's loans until a new economic strategy was proposed. The resolutions of the economic crisis in Asia and Russia have been quite different. ...

• Word Count: 1759
• Approx Pages: 7

This essay will provide a discussion on the role played by the IMF in resolving the economic difficulty experienced by Korea in the mid 90's. ... The main focus of the IMF is to monitor and regulate economic and financial programs of their members. ... Generally if a country wishes to receive financial aid from the IMF, that country is required to alter their domestic economic and financial policies as the IMF sees fit, this is referred to as the "stand by" arrangement. ... Three and a half years after the crisis in May 2001 the Korea Institute for International Economic Policy and ...

• Word Count: 1943
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In this essay, I am going to analysis the work I did in the summer, the experience that I try to correct through mark scheme, and thought that I read my peer work and peer did for me. ... To sum up, there are a couple of things that I do feel I lack the economic knowledge and bad at hand writing, and that is what I hope to gain from IB years. ...

• Word Count: 557
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

China has been the scenario of political, social and economic turmoil during the past decade. ... Although there is a brief reference to the Asian Crisis that shook Hong Kong's economy in the post-handover period, the main emphasis is on China's WTO membership; this analysis is timely, given its novelty and the impact it is expected to have on both the Mainland and Hong Kong. The emphasis on the economic aspects of Hong Kong is of great significance considering it is one of the world's freest and most dynamic economic centers and considering the commotion under the effect of tw...

• Word Count: 3624
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate