The policy was instituted in1989 as a result of two factors. First, the previous policy of conducting nonrandom pat-searches using only female guards placed a burden on the institution's female guards, who occasionally had to interrupt their lunch breaks when such searches were required. Second, the new superintendent, Eldon Vail, believed he could better control contraband with a policy of random searches. ... Vail decided to change the policy despite warnings from psychologists on his staff that the cross-gender clothed body searches could causes severe emotional distress. ...

• Word Count: 568
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

1) While the Federalist and Republican parties were feuding and struggling for control of the growing country of America in 1800, the balance of power was beginning to tip. ... For both sides in the election, the outcome would be a major factor in which party would retain control of the government. ... At the time of the election of 1800 the Federalist Party was in control of the majority of the power in the government. ... Marbury had been appointed to the Supreme Court by Adams as a last minute effort to secure a space in the government in which the federalists would retain control. .....

• Word Count: 2848
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Public policy should be made publicly, not in secret, and recurrently scheduled elections should be held. ... The President is exceedingly powerful in foreign policy making; so powerful that scholars now refer to it as the "Imperial Presidency," implying that the President runs foreign policy as an emperor. ... In the majority party (the party which controls Congress), the person who has served the longest has the most power. ... Bureaucracies violate the requirement of a legitimate democracy that public policy must be made publicly, not discreetly. ... Policy making may be considered democrat...

• Word Count: 1183
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In general, a state can do anything that is not prohibited by the constitution or preempted by federal policy and that is consistent with its own constitution. ... Federal aid has become so important for state and local governments that Washington was on its way to controlling other levels of government. For example, there are two kinds of federal controls on state governmental activities: Conditions of aid and mandates. ... Moreover, certain Federal tax and regulatory policies make it difficult and expensive for states to raise revenues, borrow funds, or privatize public functions. ... (Ameri...

• Word Count: 1375
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Student Rights Student rights policies have changed over the years. ... (www.studentrights.com) In more recent years a "zero-tolerance" policy has brought school restrictions to lengths that are thought to be absurd. "Zero-tolerance" policy allows no second chance. ... The "zero-tolerance" policy applies to both categories. ... While courts generally have ruled in favor of students' First Amendment rights on the Internet the fact remains some school officials refuse to accept the idea that they cannot control or punish off-campus student behavior. ...

• Word Count: 718
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

Democrats and Republicans in Congress were split on the major national issues: sectional controversies, civil service reform, railroad regulation, tariff policy, and monetary policy. ... Debs, reorganized; Coxey's Army, demanding a federal jobs program, marched on the nation's capital; and fear of social revolution led business owners and government officials to use brute force to control what they perceived to be radical protest. ...

• Word Count: 530
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Officially known as a United Nations police action, this battle between the communist North Koreans, supported by the Sino-Soviet Bloc, and the capitalist South Koreans, backed by the US and its allies, revealed the extent to which the Cold War would affect US foreign policy, as well as, domestic issues. ... Eisenhower pursued a foreign policy designed to "contain" Soviet expansion. ... Strongly influenced by his foreign policy advisor, John Foster Dulles, this philosophy meant that the United States would refuse to back down in a crisis even when brought to the brink of war#, a policy that ...

• Word Count: 3509
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some other things that would be changed was that it would give us a president, it gave each citizen equal rights in all states, lets the supreme court have full authority to decide all questions and disputes in regard to the powers of the government, and it gave Congress control of foreign commerce, full power to raise money by taxation, and control of all public owned territory and land. ... More commercial areas like Boston and New York City were eager to see an aggressive national policy regarding foreign and interstate trade. ...

• Word Count: 599
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The founders of the United States government tried to protect our liberty by assuring a free press, to gather and publish information without being under control or power of another, in the First Amendment to the Constitution. ... In these societies, the government censors views that are not in line with their policies, controlling controversial opinions on television, in newspapers, and even in public or private meetings. ...

• Word Count: 663
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In order to protect individuals and local governments Jackson vetoed The Bank of the United States which he saw as not, "compatible with justice, with sound policy, or with the constitution of our country,"" as he stated in his veto message of July 10, 1832. ... Only the richest citizens were capable of exchanging stocks and controlling the economic behavior of the country. ... These are examples of Jacksonian Democrat policies proved successful in providing equal economic opportunities for all. ...

• Word Count: 650
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The primary cause of the Panic of 1819 was likely the tightening instituted by the Second Bank of the United States, the directors were skeptical of the risky lending policies practiced by the new banks in the West. ... Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the Supreme Court handed down decisions that defended contracts and placed restrictions on the states' ability to control corporations. ... American interest and power in foreign policy was especially apparent in the Monroe Doctrine. ...

• Word Count: 688
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Kings would use the power of this court to try the nobles that threatened the royal policies and practices. ... What had started as a fair and moderate court evolved into a tool of secret policies, fear and suppression for the monarchy. ... The war is not just a matter of how many bodies each can claim, or how much land a side controls. ...

• Word Count: 779
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

Since the decision was made Roe v Wade has been a form a population control. ... According to the Ethics and Public Policy Center, "The number of abortions went from 744,000 to 1,599,000 and then peaked in 1990 at 1,608,000 to which then declined in 1996.... Even though birth control pills were made available in the 1960's a doctor could not prescribe them unmarried women (Williams, 2014). ... Boonstra and Elizabeth Nash of the Guttmacher Policy Report, " In 2013 alone, 22 states enacted 70 antiabortion measures, including previability abortion bans, unwarranted doctor and clini...

• Word Count: 1045
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

It has control over taxation, trade, health care, and all the programs under the Social Security Act. ... Prior to becoming Solicitor General, he served as the Director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, as Associate Deputy Attorney General at the U.S. Department of Justice, and as Domestic Policy Advisor on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign.   ... He also forms part of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, this has jurisdiction over all public diplomacy efforts, war powers and treaties, arms control and disarmament, international sanctions and broadcasting, inte...

• Word Count: 1051
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

Imperialism, as defined by the American Heritage ® Dictionary, is the policy of extending a nation's authority by territorial acquisition or by the establishment of economic and political hegemony over other nations. ... In fear that they would lose control over the south, Southern conservatives started to promote white supremacy along with the radicals, and in a way depicted the populist party to be a party which is trying to get blacks to dominate or take control. ...

• Word Count: 838
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

His policy was designed to shorten the war and to give added weight to his Emancipation Proclamation. ... Republicans looked for a more permanent solution, thinking that the law could be repealed if the Democrats ever won control of Congress. ... Most Moderate Republicans began to realize that the voting rights of the freedmen needed federal protection, if they wanted to keep control of the White House in future elections. ...

• Word Count: 793
• Approx Pages: 3

As the years passed and the whites began to reconcile, their economic goals rose to the forefront of their policy, while racism spread throughout the country and deepened in the South. ... Although the 13th Amendment stated that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude... shall exist within the United States," a new agricultural system, the crop lien, kept the blacks under the control of their (former) "masters". ... Although the official title was gone, the whites had managed to reassert their status as "masters" to the Southern Blacks through scare tactics and "economic policies". ...

• Word Count: 1530
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The desire to obtain a "diverse" student body was found to be a compelling goal in the educational context in Justice Powell's controlling opinion. ... Also within the same timeframe, President Jimmy Carter created the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Program (OFCCP) to ensure compliance with the affirmative action policies. ... Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ruled against the University of Texas, deciding that its law school's policy of considering race in the admissions process was a violation of the Constitution's equal-protection guarantee. ...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Aaron, 1958 v/s The court repeated that no law or policy of state or local governments could directly or indirectly have the effect of promoting racial segregation. ... City School of Gary, Indiana, 1964 v/s In a decision which attracted much attention, the court refused to review a lower court decision which upheld de facto segregation on the grounds that policies of government were not involved. ... School District No. 1, Denver, Colorado, 1973 v/s In the first decision in a case in which school segregation had not been imposed by law, the court held that school board policies had ...

• Word Count: 6633
• Approx Pages: 27

Illegal abortions were still frequent, though they became less frequent during the reign of the Comstock Law, which essentially banned birth control information and devices. ... In 1993, Newly inaugurated President Clinton reverses several anti-choice policies of Reagan & Bush administrations including gag rule. ... The aging of baby boom generation and increased use of birth control appear to have contributed to a leveling off of the abortion rate and a downward trend in the ratio of abortions to live births. ...

• Word Count: 1322
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

"1 Such control over commerce by Congress can be viewed as Congress expanding its authority. ... The fact that "they were intended for interstate commerce transportation does not make their production subject to federal control under the commerce power.... He believed Congress had the authority to regulate the manufacturing process and that it "could not be cut down or qualified by the fact that it might interfere with the carrying out of the domestic policy of any State."14 Additionally, Holmes fervently disagreed with the majority in allowing Congress to regulate goods themselves r...

• Word Count: 1100
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

On the radio Roosevelt explained his policies through a series of fireside' chats. ... The T.V.A. was an ambitious policy intended to provide cheap electricity, stop floods, and to make the soil fertile again. ... Rivers could now be controlled, there was no more soil erosion, navigation improved and there were some leisure pursuits. ...

• Word Count: 2194
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

Both of these young lawyers were very active in the women's movement and thought women should have the right to control their own reproductive processes. ... This of course may affect future decisions and may give even greater control of abortion to state legislatures as the meaning of "undue burden" is clarified. ...

• Word Count: 3262
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, where she was surprisingly the least liberal of his appointees. 1 Ginsburg does not advocate unfettered judicial activism to meet her policy goals of equal gender protection, however. ... She agrees with Justice Charles Evans Hughes, who rejected their interpretations as controlled by the conditions and outlook of their time. ...

• Word Count: 4693
• Approx Pages: 19

Congress, controlled by the Democrats was very open to FDR's ideas and accepted nearly everything put forward by the President. ... Congress was outraged that anyone would try to control the Supreme Court like that and suddenly became much less willing to FDR's further attempts at legislation. ...

• Word Count: 1766
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School