Proclus, the last major Greek philosopher, who lived around 450 AD wrote: Not much younger than these [pupils of Plato] is Euclid, who put together the "Elements", arranging in order many of Eudoxus' theorems, perfecting many of Theaetetus's, and also bringing to irrefutable demonstration the things which had been only loosely proved by his predecessors. ... Brahmagupta distinguished twenty arithmetical operations (logistics), including the extraction of roots and the solution of proportions, and eight measurements (determinations). ... From the al-jabr in the title we get algebra. ...

• Word Count: 1938
• Approx Pages: 8

In 1642 Blaise Pascal (1623 - 1662), the 18-year-old son of a tax collector invented what he called a numerical wheel calculator in order to help his father with his taxation duties. ... The loss of interest came about when he realised that the Difference Engine was a special-purpose machine capable of a single operation. ... Atanasoff) and his graduate student (Clifford Berry) envisioned an all-electronic computer that applied Boolean Algebra to computer circuitry. ... He graduated in 1935 at Kings College, Cambridge with a B.A in mathematics and won a Smiths prize in 1936 on a paper he wrote...

• Word Count: 2409
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School