The performance of the proposed hybrid approach is demonstrated with the IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 57-bus systems and also the performance of this hybrid PSO is compared with that of PSO, Evolutionary Programming (EP) and hybrid EP. ... Hence the important operating task is to maintain the voltage within the allowable range for high quality consumer service. ... Therefore, the equation (1) is changed to the following form: min Min = network real power loss = number of lines (1) The power loss is a non-linear function of bus voltages, which are functions of control variables. ... Equality constraint...

• Word Count: 3714
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

1.1 Background The growth of the population worldwide has been increasing rapidly in this current century. Due to this, migration of rural population to the urban has been increasing as well. When urbanization takes place, all the centre of attraction, be it economy wise, entertainment wise or any other aspect, it is all centred in the urbanised area. Thus, the rural residents will start to move to the urbanized area in order to live a better life. According to Lamba and Solanki (1992) there are certain push and pull factors that oblige people to leave rural areas for the cities and towns. ...

• Word Count: 10936
• Approx Pages: 44

In order for a well-run transport system consultation must take place, also the poorer sectors of the community needs a cheap source of transport in order to be able to access work opportunities and basic services. ... The use of energy efficient equipment is useful in reducing cost for the sector Land Transport The researcher agrees with the government's vision that a safe, cost effective, efficient and sustainable system of land transport that facilitates economic development through the movement of people, goods and services is vital to the transport sector within Jamaica. ... Hazard ...

• Word Count: 3206
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Many of these duties include: Seeing eye dogs, hearing dogs, therapy dogs, service dogs, air scent dogs, trail and tracking dogs, disaster dogs, avalanche dogs, water dogs, war dogs, evidence dogs, and guard and watch dogs. ... Customs Service, and the U.S Border Patrol. ...

• Word Count: 3100
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

What is Angelman Syndrome? Angelman Syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects the nervous system; this is a rare condition which is sometimes called the "happy puppet" syndrome because children with Angelman's Syndrome may look and move in ways similar to a puppet controlled by a string. The ch...

• Word Count: 3370
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

It refers to a broader definition of Electronic Commerce, not just buying and selling but also servicing customers, providing an integrated business environment and offering added value services [1]. ... Live Sites: http://www.toyota.co.jp (Figure 1) Volvo's business profile: The Volvo Group is one of the world's largest producers of trucks, buses and construction equipment and holds a leading position in the fields of marine and industrial power systems and aircraft engine components. ... (North America), Volvo Construction Equipment, Volvo Parts, Volvo Bus and others. ...

• Word Count: 2686
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

Components of a PC Case: Cases are usually broken up into two different forms (ATX and AT). You must make sure that the case and motherboard are the same form. ATX allows for the motherboard to be installed at a 90 degree rotation. The case has the primary functions of housing, ventilating, powering, and blocking the transmissions of EMF's. Most cases come with screws, case feet, power cord, and expansion inserts. ...

• Word Count: 5237
• Approx Pages: 21
• Grade Level: High School

The services industries have gained in importance for Japan's economy, representing 23.5 percent of the labour force. ... Since new carriers offering digital mobile phone services entered the Japanese market in the mid-1990s, cellular phone usage has grown rapidly. ... Japan Air Lines, established in 1951, provides international air service, while All Nippon Airways, primarily a domestic service, has expanded its international operations in recent years. ... Cotton Australia business men will find that travel within Japan is easily arranged with many train, air and bus services. ...

• Word Count: 2855
• Approx Pages: 11

JFK The Assassination of John F. Kennedy For the American people, John F. Kennedy was the bright future. He was a young man that they was as holding the torch for this country. When he was elected, he brought youth and a relaing calm to the White House for the first time in our nation's histor...

• Word Count: 3508
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

Providing these critical services, such as cash benefits to families who are working at low paying jobs ensures that they continue working and that they do not return to welfare. ... Department of Health and Human Services, a family of three making less than $15,260.00 in one year is considered to be below the current poverty level (qtd. in Dep. ...

• Word Count: 3005
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One day as Janie was getting off the school bus she saw her mother at the corner waiting for her as Janie got off the bus her mother snagged her up and put her in the car. ... As time went on she was getting away with living with these people, no one was bothering her like children services or any on who would take her away from where she was. ... Eventually Leshaya became afraid of the case worker coming to get her and put her in to a foster home, so from there she had snuck out of Harmon's and gone to the bus station, but the night before she had done that she made a pretty brilliant p...

• Word Count: 2988
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

After decades of fighting for access to everything from colleges to buses, the battle culminated in 1990. ... Members of every group are not only shaped by culture, but also by acculturation, gender, roles, age, income, education etc( Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services). ... After decades of fighting for access to everything from colleges to buses, the battle culminated in 1990. ...

• Word Count: 3415
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Assignment 1 The web was originally designed as a medium to exchange scientific and military research data, and over time it developed into one of the most sophisticated tools of modern society. The Internet is a complex web of interconnected servers and workstations that span the globe, linkin...

• Word Count: 3582
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School

The first regular cross channel steamship service was introduced in 1821, on the Dover- Calais route. ... In the UK the majority of people use the car for road transport with only 9% of people using coaches or buses in 1994 . In terms of road transport, coaches and buses are very much a minority form of travel. ...

• Word Count: 3466
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Consumer Price Index The Consumer Price Index (CPI) represents changes in the prices of all goods and services purchased for consumption by urban households. User fees (such as water and sewer service) and sales and excise taxes paid by the consumer are also included. ... Gross State Product Gross state product (GSP) is the measure of output goods and services produced by labor and property located in Illinois. ... The annual growth in GDP at constantIndirect taxes This includes taxes like excise duties, sales tax, stamps, import and export duties, and octroi duty assessed on pro...

• Word Count: 4620
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Hundreds of lawsuits later, black and white students were bused back and forth to desegregated schools in cities across the United States. ... (Frankenberg) More recently, the Supreme Court's refusal to review a Charlotte, N.C. desegregation case led to the end of the oldest busing program in the country (Study 6). ...

• Word Count: 6633
• Approx Pages: 27

Case Study: Southwest Airlines Introduction History Southwest Airlines began service June 18, 1971 with flights to Houston, Dallas, and San Antonio. ... Key Issues A.Strengths * Cities from all parts of the country are petitioning for Southwest's services * Short point-to-point flights * Competes with car, bus and train as much as it competes with other airlines * Average flight is 65 minutes * Lowest costs in the industry à cost per passenger mile * Handles its own ticketing * Flies to smaller airports * No meals * One airplane (737) * Quick turnarounds mean large number...

• Word Count: 3854
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

Just before he picks her up, there is a medium close shot of Ulee waiting in his truck as a school bus drives by. On the surface, the school bus simply establishes that Ulee is near a school. But on another level, the school bus is public transportation on which many children ride. ... She stands alone, not talking to anyone around her, and she does not ride the bus like the other kids. ...

• Word Count: 3788
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

In the late 20th Century, mass media could be classified[by whom?]  into eight mass media industries: books, newspapers, magazines, recordings, radio, movies, television and the internet. With the explosion of digital communication technology in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the question ...

• Word Count: 4840
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Aeronautical engineering is the branch of science that study of how systems or machines fly in the atmosphere of the earth and the application of this knowledge in the design and building aircraft or missiles. There are a number of different sub branches in the science aeronautical engineering from ...

• Word Count: 3231
• Approx Pages: 13

Human Geography Revision Web Notes overpopulation - where too many people live in an area for the resources available, resulting in a low standard of living accessibility - how easy it is to get to a settlement central businessdistrict (CBD) - the centre of a city which usually has departmental stores, offices, main bus and railway stations and entertainments commuter village - a village next to a city; many people travel, or commute, from the village to work in the city conurbation - a very large built up area formed when towns and cities join together dispersed - a scattered pattern of...

• Word Count: 4734
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

The airline industry faces competition from other transportation modes, such as railroads, buses. ... In the airline industry, even if the capital cost of entry are fairly low, offering airline services requires airline and aircraft certification, gates, takeoff and landing slots, baggage handling services, and the marketing and distribution of tickets. ... Their costs reduction was constrained by their complex, restrictive labor agreements, their infrastructures and their commitments to provide scheduled services over vast route networks. ... The net effect has been to increase the choice of ...

• Word Count: 3996
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is sad to say that with that statement the gentleman I encountered is not eligible for homeless assistance according to the West Virginia Bureau for women and children's homeless services. In order to be eligible for services under the homeless program, an individual or family must be in immediate need of housing and have no income or means of obtaining housing. ... Individuals or families facing eviction are not yet homeless and therefore do not qualify for homeless services (West Virginia Bureau for Children and Families). ... Included in the definition are those who spend nights on ...

• Word Count: 4318
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

According to Jessie Jackson, "A champion wins a World Series or an Olympic event and is hoisted on the shoulders of the fans. A hero carries the people on his shoulders." This is what made Jackie Robinson a hero to African-Americans. Robinson's achievement goes beyond the statistics and championship...

• Word Count: 2830
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

Products and Services Amazon.com business is in some sense simpler than the usual book retailer firm. ... This broader spectrum of products and services is related with the company goal of being the most customer-centric firm where customers can find and buy anything they may want on line. Industry and Growth Policy Overview Amazon.com is rated as a company in the Internet software and services industry into the technology sector. ... In the US market the most important variable of growth has been the introduction of several new products and services beyond the typical sales of books, videos ...

• Word Count: 3494
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: High School