They experience the highest rates of problems and failures in school performance. ... The school ecology model suggests that school and family influence bonding and self-efficacy which then influences peer group effects therefore influencing drug use. The school ecology model "suggests that school-based prevention strategies that include the entire school ecology in the prevention process are most successful in reducing the risk for substance abuse among young African Americans" (p. 149). ... To stop and reflect on the problem or situation, think of alternative actions, and select the bes...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The alternatives of meretricious pseuso-cosmopolitanism are viewed by the black community with distrust and scorn. These alternatives having no impact on the black community, were shunned by W.E.B DeBois, St Clair Drake, Ralph Ellison, and Toni Morrison. ... It is said to be because of relatively greater black integration into postindustrial capitalist America with its bureaucratized elite universities, dreary middlebrow colleges and dwindling high schools. ...

• Word Count: 664
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The teachers at many of these schools were often underpaid and poorly trained with significantly less classroom experience than those who taught at white schools. ... Several whites were against using school funds to bus black students to schools with open seats thus making it virtually impossible for black students to participate in the open enrollment program. ... Arthur Garrity made the Boston School Committee begin desegregation. ... They performed door-to-door testing alongside health professionals and they used the media to further their cause, "Alternatively, their home visits represe...

• Word Count: 1231
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These boosts often do not help the minority student in the long run as Source C points out, stating, "Some minority students who get into a top school with the help of affirmative action might actually be better served by attending a less elite institution to which they could gain admission with less of a boost or no boost at all. " The removal of these boosts and benefits presented to minorities might encourage some to take their schoolwork more seriously and actively compete for acceptance into top-tier colleges. ... Because racial barriers are mostly broken down in today's society, s...

• Word Count: 1270
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It also explains identity development in adolescence, helps us understand how adolescents cope with racist encounters, how academic achievement is viewed amongst black youths, and why adolescents search for alternative images or role models. ... " He responded, "I first became aware of my race ate the age of six when I was in elementary school. I became aware of my race at school because they taught us that white people kept to themselves and they were the ones who controlled the jobs, finance, and economy. ... I asked my grandfather, "What lessons or messages did you receive ...

• Word Count: 848
• Approx Pages: 3

This incomplete view of America's history can be found in its schools" curriculums. ... In order for the people of this nation to learn it's complete history these alternative views must be present in the classroom, as the classroom is the basis of all students" knowledge. ... The diversifying sense of American history has become apparent in the curriculum that is offered by schools. ... Minority views are not fully represented in most textbooks, but school curriculums have changed to allow these views to be present in the classroom. ... On top of this many schools offer presenta...

• Word Count: 1776
• Approx Pages: 7

He was educated at a British missionary boarding school at Fort Hare University, from which he was expelled in 1940 for leading a strike with a fellow student. ... After attending grammar and high school locally, King enrolled in Morehouse College (also in Atlanta) in 1944. ... Zecozy Williams, a black woman who intensely supported the bus boycotts, drove all of her friends to work after driving her husband to his job and her children to school. Other black citizens found other transportation alternatives, such as walking. ...

• Word Count: 1517
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In most public schools history books had no existence or great scholars presented to black children. ... Prison companies have established an interest with private corporations to make money off Blacks doing reduced work, "even producing advertisements to bring in business and land contracts, touting prison labor as a cheap alternative to outsourcing to other countries" (Fredrick, 2012). It is a fact that the food that is processed like chicken, beef, and pork inside schools "have been made by a worker earning twenty cents an hour, not in a faraway country, but by a member of an...

• Word Count: 1433
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

It wasn't until high school that Janice's cultural identity changed. ... She recalls her African American studies in 10th grade, a private school, opening her eyes to the oppression and guilt that her grandfather had gone through. ... In each stage, the psychological make-up of the individual interacts with the demands of the social context in a challenge that either brings about a healthy resolution or an unhealthy alternative. ...

• Word Count: 3109
• Approx Pages: 12

Although numerous articles and books have been published devising means by which to reduce variance within the system, the most recent, and probably most contentious, is that of Paul Butler, Associate Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School, and former Special Assistant United States Attorney in the District of Columbia. ...

• Word Count: 3584
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Disillusioned and pessimistic, he left school (finishing grade eight) to live with his sister Ella Mae Little Collins in Boston. ... But since the possibility of it in the United States was very little, the only alternative was to separate. ...

• Word Count: 2369
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

(6) American Keynesians wanted the economy to keep growing bigger and bigger, so that there will be enough for everybody; some believed that this was an American alternative to Marxism. ... LBJ wanted to erase unemployment, build better schools, put more emphasis of education, provide health care for the old, etc He especially concentrated on the unfortunate, on those "who have been forgotten and passed over and passed by"(Schulman 83). ...

• Word Count: 2266
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

DuBois many times defines himself in The Souls of Black Folk by setting himself up as an alternative to Washington. ... In order to gain entrance to the school, in order to get an education to further free himself, Washington has to clean a schoolroom four times over (or so he claims), so much so that his Yankee inspector was "unable to find one bit of dirt on the floor, or a particle of dust on any of the furniture- (p. 31, Washington) This is Booker T. ...

• Word Count: 2122
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Separate but equal" decision of 1896 confirmed the segregation in the South and soon everything was being segregated, the churches, schools, restaurants, even the toilets. ... The family sent Coretta and to school to get a good education. ... Like his father he became a "social activist pastor" joining the NAACP and the Alabama Council on Human Relations, and also became very popular in the black community because of his skills. go to top The Civil Rights Movement After decades of being treated as inferior human beings who were confronted daily with discrimination the decision of the...

• Word Count: 3965
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School

In today's society women are not allowed to play baseball with men due to patriarchal myths and misconceptions that have been around since the emergence of baseball in America. All women should be able to play baseball with men and there is no legitimate reason why they shouldn't. Women are physical...

• Word Count: 2810
• Approx Pages: 11