Despite the fact that direct-to-consumer genetic testing's can be very useful, the negative aspects of these kits definitely overshadow the positive. ... With the direct-to-consumer genetic testing it is a benefit towards the newborns; a probability that the maternal nurses may have overlooked a problem with the newborn, the direct-to-consumer genetic testing will be very useful in that situation. ... The government should regulate orders for direct-to-consume genetic testing kits. ... Regulating orders helps the researchers by looking through the patient's health records and see wha...

• Word Count: 687
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The most efficient methods are through drug testing, personality testing, integrity testing, aptitude testing, and background checks. ... Employers generally test applicants and employees for drugs and alcohol because they perceive that those who test positive are more likely to be fired or absent from work than those who test negative. ... In order to determine whether an individual is using drugs and alcohol there are several types of drug testing methods that can be used such as urine test, blood test, breath-alcohol test, and saliva and hair test. ... A drug testing policy should inclu...

• Word Count: 2234
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the article "The High-Stakes Testing..." ... Orfield and Wald suggest that the reform movement of high stakes testing has worsened the educational problem; that tests are unfair to minority students, "undermine teachers," and refuse high school graduation to students who do not pass a one-shot test (1). ... Also, Orfield and Wald point out that high stakes testing narrows the curriculum by teaching to the test. ... Many students are taught how to pass the test, but do not comprehend the material. ... "The High-Stakes Testing Mania Hurts Poor and Minority Students The Most: Testing, Test...

• Word Count: 529
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Genetic tests include techniques to examine genes or markers near the genes. ... Rendering test results is often complicated, even for qualified physicians. One must be aware of the probability of a false positive or false negative test result when interpreting the results of any genetic test. "Both types of errors can occur in tests. If a genetic test fails to detect the specific form of gene when it is actually present, the test result is called a "false negative". ...

• Word Count: 270
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For employers, the solution is simple; drug tests are mandatory for employment. ... Yet even in these jobs, random drug testing does not guarantee safety. ... The idea of drug testing employees has good reasons. If employees are explained the reasons for testing and random testing to done fairly, I think not too many people would find a problem with it. ... Drug companies that do not test will go bust. ...

• Word Count: 898
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Genetic testing is also used in criminal investigations. ... Until then, genetic testing should only be used with utmost caution. Genetic testing can lead to discrimination. ... Parenting issues arise out of some aspects of genetic testing. ... Overall, genetic testing poses some serious risks. ...

• Word Count: 978
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Drug testing is an unwise choice both financially, and morally, with negative consequences in many aspects. Besides being in violation of your individual rights, drug testing causes workers to feel threatened by their workplace and actually causes them to have a lower moral and self-esteem. ... Many workers can also be falsely tested positive in an error, or drugs may show up for medications or different foods. ... Once that will happen, companies will begin to understand that drug testing does not increase work productivity. Companies where workplace safety is a substantial issue should a...

• Word Count: 439
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A credible test is defined as actually measuring what the test says it measures. ... Standardized tests do not offer either of these achievement qualities. ... Standardized tests are not a high quality predictor of college success. ... Through the comparison of subject specific tests and GPA to broad standardized tests, it is clear that the principles of our education system must be redefined. ... Based on the feedback from the student's test results, they have the opportunity of improving themselves by studying the specific area's of the test. ...

• Word Count: 855
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Drug Testing in Employment Drug testing in companies has become a bigger issue than most realize. ... Before we break down drug testing in the workplace, we must make clear that workplace drug testing is different from drug testing in other settings. ... If even to say that those jobs should be drug tested, then DesJardins and Duska make the argument that not everyone should be tested. ... Then we get to the Limitations on the drug testing. ... We must also look into the effectiveness of drug testing. ...

• Word Count: 1088
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The vaccine to polio was developed by Jonas Stalk in and was first tested in 1952. ... Animal testing has brought a cure to many types of cancer, such as cervical and breast cancer in women. ... The vaccines were created in 1977 and involved the testing of rabbits; the first two vaccines were available in 2006 after an abundance of test and research. ... Another medication used to treat breast cancer that was created by the testing of animals is Tamoxifen. ... Chemical testing is exactly what it sounds like, testing while using chemicals in beauty products and in medicines to make sure they ...

• Word Count: 578
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Turing Test is illustrated as an experiment in which a human has text conversations with another human and a computer programmed to imitate human communication, without knowing which is the computer and which is the other human. ... The theory by which the Turing Test operates is that if a computer can convince a human that it is a human through conversation, then such computers should be considered "thinking.... One of the common objections to the Turing Test is that regardless of the ability to simulate human speech, computers will never be able to do certain conscious-requiring act...

• Word Count: 1527
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Genetic testing is also used in criminal investigations. ... Until then, genetic testing should only be used with utmost caution. Genetic testing can lead to discrimination. ... Parenting issues arise out of some aspects of genetic testing. ... Overall, genetic testing poses some serious risks. ...

• Word Count: 978
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In Eric Boese's "Standardized Tests: Shouldn't we be Helping our Students?"", Boese uses empirical data and logos to express that contrary to what the test scores are showing, "students aren't getting any smarter, just better test takers." ... While test taking skills are important, it is pointless to spend "eight to ten hours a week in test-preparation drills."" ... However, even better tests cannot outweigh the most important negative impact of standardized tests. ... Also, since "tests are used multiple times," teachers can avoid the "cheating " title by simply teaching the e...

• Word Count: 1025
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Standardized tests are very common throughout the United States. ... These tests vary from state to state in all grade levels. According to the article "What Schools Could Use Instead Of Standardized Tests" by Anya Kamenetz/NPR said that the Republican Senate are drafting a bill to eliminate the standardized test based on the requirements what they had before. ... The argument comes when the concern of the number of tests that student's take and the time they spend on taking it. ... First of all, in the "sampling" (NPR 6) Keep standardized tests, but just reduce the nu...

• Word Count: 842
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

October 30, 2002 Drug Testing for Welfare Recipients In November 1999 the state of Michigan became the first state in the United States to execute a program of random drug testing for welfare recipients. ... Mandatory drug testing for welfare recipients has been debated for quite some time. ... When seeking employment many companies require drug tests before hiring an individual. These tests are crucial in order to prepare individuals on welfare for the harsh realities of the working world. ... Those who test positive and refuse treatment will dissolve any rights to receiving this financ...

• Word Count: 829
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Traditional intelligence tests have different scales and measure different cognitive abilities or skills. ... For instance in the reading labeling the figures helped the little girl on the UNIT test. ... Next the article discusses psychometric factors in reading the article I've come to the conclusion that psychometric factors are those aspects of a test or a measure that say how good the test or measure is. ... Validity, briefly, refers to how well a test measures what it says it does. ... According to the authors of the article "the ultimate responsibility for appropriate test use ...

• Word Count: 1296
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One side claims that drug testing for welfare is unconstitutional and unfair. ... The other side maintains that drug testing for welfare would be a positive change because some people believe that it would be in the best interest of the children who have parents who are using drugs, others think that drug testing welfare recipients would ensure them to use the welfare for a temporary time and get themselves back to the working field, and drug testing would give welfare to the people who really need it, rather than abusing our system. The people who oppose drug testing for welfare think that i...

• Word Count: 936
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Coke "Passes" First Diversity Test This article talks about Coca-Cola's past experiences with minorities and women fairness issues. Until recently Coca-Cola's has been discriminatory towards its minority and woman employees with regard to promotions, pay raises and job evaluations. There have be...

• Word Count: 347
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For a test to be precise it needs to be standardised and to issue a truly standardised test, the testing environment should be the same or as close to as possible for everyone involved. ... One of the important questions that always comes up regarding these tests is what are the tests really measuring? ... Their ability to perform well on standardised tests? ... Granted that normal standardised tests certainly get predictable results where academics are concerned, the tests should not be considered as the only indicators of general intelligence because of the glaring omissions in the testing...

• Word Count: 1320
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Tests performed include: The Gram Stain to study the gram reaction and morphology; the Nigrosine Stain (Negative) used to test for a capsule and confirm morphology; the Loeffler Methylene Blue Test to test for metachromatic granules; the Shaeffer-Fulton Test used to check for spore formation; the Ziehl-Neelson Acid Fast Test to test for the presence of mycolic acid; the SIM motility test to test motility and check for the presence of H2S; slant test for pigmentation and also a broth test for its characteristics. ... To conclude what the unknown was a SIM motility test was done, which prov...

• Word Count: 350
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In spite of what has been said, our psychological testing is very limited as most of our psychological tests are foreign made. ... Usually, people who have the privilege to take such tests are those in good schools who offer testing and counseling to students and to those people who are in the workforce. ... And also, these tests are designed to unveil what an individual can do, given the specific test conditions that have a clear connection in the measured behavior in a real world setting. What psychological test issues are important to deal with? ... Searching for locally made or Asian made...

• Word Count: 549
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This test is typically performed on six rabbits per substance tested. ... The test is unreliable. ... These tests are crude, cruel, and unreliable. ... I have conducted my own tests on animal tested products and non-animal tested products for a period of a month, I have use shampoo, soap, deodorant and my mother has used face make- up and mascara. ... Newer and more sophisticated tests are gradually replacing the Draize test. ...

• Word Count: 2184
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One frequently used accommodation involves reading aloud a test to a student but under standard test administration the student would have to read the questions to him or herself. ... Also, this accommodation should not be used during a Reading Comprehensions test or during a Reading Vocabulary test, where student's true skills are being measured. Tindal and Fuchs performed a thorough review of the empirical studies that examined the effects on test scores that the altering of the test administration conditions causes. Altogether there were twelve studies that investigated the effec...

• Word Count: 871
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Educational Testing Service (ETS) adopted the SAT I back in 1944. ... The original test, known as the "Army Alpha" was an IQ test administered by the United States Army to evaluate the intelligence of new recruits. Following the war, the Army Alpha was adapted and transformed for the purpose of a college admissions test, (The Big Test: SAT I, p.l) .The first test was experimentally administered to a few thousand college applicants in 1926. ... Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips, editors of the 1998 book, The Black- White Test Score Gap, argued that African Americans will always scor...

• Word Count: 1715
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There appears to be no end in sight since leagues like the NFL and NCAA have weak testing programs. ... The NCAA has a reputation which is as bad if not worse than the NFL because of the small number of players they test and the quality of testing for those players. ... One reason for this is that costs for testing for steroids can range from $100 to $200, while tests for most street drugs may only cost $25. ... I believe that in order to solve the problem, the first thing the NCAA and universities need to do is increase the quality of the tests and pay the extra money for the 100-200 dollar ...

• Word Count: 1464
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate