The RMR often returns to prediet state if only a VLCD is used to treat obesity (Hill et al., 1987). ... When an individual is on a VLCD decreases in fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) are detected (Van Gaal et al., 1992; Ross et al., 1995). Racette et al, (1995) stated that if there is a decline in an individuals resting metabolic rate that it could essentially reduce their fat-free mass. ... However, moderate aerobic exercise helps to burn greater amounts of fat mass (Ross et al., 1995). ... When diet and exercise are combined a lower percentage of fat-free mass is assumed to be preserved...

• Word Count: 1748
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Certain information on the subject of creatine supplementation is often misinformed due to lack of information or poorly preached information, this has in time lead to disagreements in areas including: creatine response variation (Syrotuik and Bell, 2004 and Flanagan, date unknown), the effectiveness of creatine loading (Arazi et al., 2011 and Sculthorpe et al., 2010), buffered forms vs creatine monohydrate effectiveness (Eckerson et al., 2005 and Jagim et al., 2012), creatine and carbohydrate combination effectiveness (Antonio and Ciccone, 2013, Theodorou et al., 2005, Kalman et al., 2012 and...

• Word Count: 1794
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The thermo neutrality zone of the comfort ambience temperature for the hens is 18-240C and within its frames the excess of body temperature is lost by means of conduction(Wolfenson et al., 2001), convention (Mitchell, 1985; Tzschentke et al., 1996; Lott et al., 1998) and radiation of the amount of created heat is in balance with the amount of the heat given away. ... The reduced production of eggs in conditions of thermal stress owes to reduced circulation of blood through the womb (Wolfhenson et al., 1981), reduced intake of food disruption of the hormones responsible for the ovulation, reduc...

• Word Count: 735
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As mentioned earlier, the Jamestown colony was established as a business venture (Ayers et al, page 48). ... Most of the first inhabitants were also only concerned with becoming wealthy and returning to England (Ayers et al, page 48). ... After all, the Native Americans were seen as savages with a heathen religion (Ayers et al, page 48). ... Established in 1620, the Plymouth colony was created by the Pilgrims (Ayers et al, page 58). ... Unlike previous settlers, the Puritans came mostly in established family groups (Ayers et al, page 62). ...

• Word Count: 988
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However while post-­-traumatic symptoms are usual, generally of nurses will not have a mental condition (Harvey et al. 2014). ... This is portrayed by voluntary openness, mutual trust and well-­-designed work task (Brunetto et al. 2013). ... Findings indicated that nurses perceived elevated levels of retention and lesser intention to leave (Brunetto et al. 2013). ... (Roelen et al. 2014). ... Furthermore, attending resilience training for high-­-risk profession like nursing will greatly help (Mealer et al. 2014). ...

• Word Count: 1570
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Each of these forces are dynamic and change at an increasing rate" (Etzel et. al., 2004, p. 32). ... These laws are designed either to regulate competition or to protect consumers (Etzel et al., 2004, p. 41). ... The new strategy created by Daft was coined "think local, act local" (Etzel et al., 2004, p. 82). ... Pepsi also acquired South Beach Beverages and the SoBe brand (Etzel et al., 2004, p. 83). ... For example, one Italian ad featured nude bathers (Etzel et al., 2004, p. 84). ...

• Word Count: 2942
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

The abuse of methamphetamine has been associated with profound damage to these neurotransmitters, specifically the dopamine transport system (Brown et al., 2000; Nordahl et al., 2003; Salo et al., 2002; Volkow et al, 2001; & Zickler, 2002). The neurotoxic effects of methamphetamine abuse on the dopamine transport system are highly correlated with the acute and long-term impairments to neurocognitive functioning (Kalechstein et al., 2003; Nordahl et al., 2003; Salo et al., 2002; Valkow et al., 2001a; & Zickler, 2002). ... In contrast, Nordahl et al. (2003), Salo et al. (2002) and Volkow et al...

• Word Count: 2798
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Iron-Deficiency Anemia Iron-deficiency anemia appeared in some cultures evidenced as cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis (Gerszten et al. 1997; Blom et al. 2004; Moseley, 1965; Moodie, 1929). ... Blom et al. (2004) found regional and dietary causes for chronic childhood anemia. ... Deformation of the cranium also resulted in cribra orbitalia (Blom et al. 2004; Moseley, 1965). Neoplasia Two cases in the Gerszten et al. (1997) study showed neoplasia lesions. ... Tuberculosis (Gerszten et al. 2001). ...

• Word Count: 2085
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Dulce et Decorum Est Poems are one of the most powerful ways to convey an idea, message or opinion. The poem "Dulce et Decorum Est", a war poem by Wilfred Owen, makes effective use of these devices. ... (Shrodes et al. 737-738) This not only says that they are tired, but that they are so exhausted they have been brought down to the level of beggars who have not slept in a bed for weeks, not had a hot meal in days, and not forgotten what it felt like for one minute. ... (Shrodes et al. 737-738) You can almost imagine large numbers of people dragging their boots through the mud, tripping ove...

• Word Count: 1704
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Garstang et al. (1995) studied the effects of atmospheric conditions on the range over which low-frequency sound could be communicated. ... Laws et al, (1975) observed that elephants at Etosha National Park migrate towards rain approaching from the north up to 2 weeks before other species of herd animals, which could be a reaction to low-frequency sound produced by the approaching thunderstorms (Garstang et al, 1995). 5.0 Seismic Communication 5.1 Propagation of Seismic Waves The use of seismic waves as a means of communication in elephants was first studied by O'Connell-Rodwell et...

• Word Count: 2665
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Hormones, neurological areas of the brain, as well as experience have been seen to play a role in the onset and maintenance of maternal behavior (Elwood, 1983; Kendrick et al., 1997; Kinsley et al., 1999; Lonstein et al., 1999) . ... The first form of evidence that hormones play a role in maternal behavior was exhibited in an experiment by Rosenbalt et al. (1973, as seen in Reite et al., 1985). ... It is the ratio of estrogen to progesterone that is of particular important in their influence on maternal behavior, low progesterone vs. high estrogen levels (Kendrick et al., 1997; Pryce et al.,...

• Word Count: 4564
• Approx Pages: 18
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RTT remains the most important tool for all patients with ESRD in the world (Castledine et al., 2011). ... The registries report demographic data, incidence, prevalence, and outcome (Castledine et al., 2011). ... In the fourth stage, kidney function is severely disabled (Mallappalil et al., 2014). Stage five is when the patient is considered to have kidney failure (Mallappalil et al., 2014). ... (Mallappalil et al., 2014). ...

• Word Count: 1630
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Carter et al. (2012, p. 385) conducted two studies. ... Carter et al.'... In the study of Carter et al. (2012, p. 391) the food resources were widely separated in the National Park. ... Carter et al.'... Carter et al.'...

• Word Count: 1084
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Although it is not always the case, the rapid growth of children in foster care is due to substance-abusing mothers (Marcenko et al., 2000). ... Studies show that substance-abusing mothers were also victims of child abuse (Marcenko et al., 2000). ... Marcenko et al., (2000) found that African American families are the ones usually found in low-income urban neighborhoods. ... When a child has been abused they have an increased risk of having mental health problems (Lindsey et al., 2008). ... Low educational attainment in young African American mothers also coincides with high levels of substanc...

• Word Count: 1611
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Other various karyotypes, including 48,XXYY, 48,XXXY, 49,XXXYY, and 49,XXXXY, are rare (Ferrier et al, 1974; Peet et al, 1998; Robinson et al, 1979; Zaleski et al, 1966). ... A list of sex-chromosome related syndromes is seen in Table 1 (McGehee et al, 1976). 2. ... They may have problems at school, their speech may be delayed, their short term memory may be defective, they have reading difficulties and they may suffer from dyslexia and attention deficit disorder (ADD) (Ferrier et al, 1974; Robinson et al, 1979; Mandoki et al, 1991). ... This condition exists only in 1% of normal persons (...

• Word Count: 1373
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.), was an era for expansion of religious reform (Noble et al 28). "It was a time of opportunities and of conflict" (Noble et al 30). ... "Aton was the personification of the sun's power as manifested in the sun disk" (Brophy et al 63). ... n beings" (Brophy et al 64). ... "Except for you son, Akhenaton, Nefer-kheper-re Wa-en-re, let him be wise with our counsel, your strength" (Brophy et al 65). ...

• Word Count: 1015
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

Andy Fan Prostate cancer is one of the major causes of death in men of the Western world. There are over 317,100 newly diagnosed cases and around 41,500 prostate cancer related deaths reported in North America (Kondo, et al., 2000). Of the people diagnosed for prostate cancer, approximately 20% of...

• Word Count: 1024
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Free radicals are inorganic molecules that have unpaired or odd number of electrons (Brand et al. 2004; Turrens, 2003). ... The reaction of an oxygen radical with DNA can result in loss of bases, or cause a strand breakage, with a likelihood of a harmful or deadly outcome (Klaunig et al., 2010). ... Complexes I and III of the (RC) are likely to be the major sites for ROS production (Rigoulet et al., 2011). ... As described by Harman (1972), the defects are mainly due to the close proximity of ROS and mtDNA (cited in Cui et al., 2011), which has been shown to be more prone to oxidative effects ...

• Word Count: 1154
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Implications on People's Health and Wellbeing Both international and New Zealand studies demonstrate the overwhelming evidential link between substandard housing and the adverse effects on people's health and wellbeing (Boston & Chapple, 2014; Gillespie-Bennett et al., 2013; Howden-Chapman et al., 2013; Keall et al., 2012). ... There is now also a significant amount of cases of other respiratory disorders such as Bronchiectasis, Pneumonia and Rheumatic fever (Gillespie-Bennett et al., 2013). ... Although there is now overwhelming research that demonstrates the benefits of home insu...

• Word Count: 2083
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

(Ashcraft et al, blog, 2015) Not only is this a completely insufficient living wage, it is illegal. ... (Schley et al, blog, 2015) This means that some animators can earn as little as $100 a month. ... (Schley et al, blog, 2015) One support group has also been started up and has received the support of some veteran animators. ... (Sugawara et al, blog, 2014) Five Things That Need To Change! ... (Anime News Network et al, blog, 2005) In 2015 wages are not much better in Japan. ...

• Word Count: 1470
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Cannabis is one of the oldest domestic plants in the history of mankind (Jiang et al. 2006). ... Cannabis sativa L. has both glandular and nonglandular trichomes (Turner et al. 1978). ... Both capitate-stalked and capitate-sessile trichomes are the main source of cannabinoids (Turner et al. 1978). ... Cystolith hairs can be found in many plant families (Nakamura 1969; Mitosinka et al. 1972). ... It was observed that certain trichomes were restricted to specific plant organs (Turner et al. 1980). ...

• Word Count: 2467
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

In order to guarantee this, the first strategy suggested by Fantechi et al. (2014) should be done implementing interlocking systems. ... Its structure is made by 75 kilometers of lines with 47 stations and an infrastructure divided in Red line and Green line, (Zouzoulas et al, 2012). ... Anderson et al. (2014) argue that this affect the government legislation and new rules are necessary. ... For example, one of the most common causes of death between young adults is traffic accidents, (Anderson et al. 2014). ... Anderson et al. (2014) have stated that the new technologies applied on autonomou...

• Word Count: 1891
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Studies differ in the specific obstetric complications correlated with schizophrenia (Kendell et al., 1996), and researchers have not yet been able to establish a standard control for possible confounds such as race and socio-economic status (Verdoux, Geddes, Takei, et al., 1997). ... Chromosome 6 is near the HLA complex, a DNA structure associated with autoimmunity (Olin et al., 1996). ... Accuracy of medical records and recall dependability of first-degree relatives are cited as possible sources of error (Kunugi et al., 1996). ... Schizophrenics frequently exhibit neurological abnormali...

• Word Count: 2018
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The baby then becomes blind, and dies, usually before its 5th year (Seely et al, 1992). ... B-hexosaminidase A is composed of two amino acid chains, the alpha and the beta chain(Navon et al, 1989). ... All forms of Tay-Sachs disease are caused by mutations in the alpha chain of the enzyme(Navon et al, 1989). ... This results in defective splicing of the mRNA(Arpaia et al, 1988). ... Jews with Austrian ancestry had a frequency of 1 in 9(Petersen et al, 1983). ...

• Word Count: 1263
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• Grade Level: High School

"To your vaults"" (Jerome B et al. 71). ... In pace requiescat" (Jerome B et al. 74)! ... A mason" (Jerome B et al. 72)? ... In pace requiescat" (Jerome B et al. 74)! ... I shall not die of a cough""(Jerome B et al. 72). he was right he would not die of a cough. ...

• Word Count: 2072
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School